Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1844–1845, Page [2], bk. 12
Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1844–1845
Source Note
Source Note
Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1844–1845; handwriting of Martha Jane Knowlton Coray and ; 240 pages, with miscellaneous inserted pages; CHL.
Note: , the mother of Joseph Smith, dictated this rough draft version of her history to Martha Jane Knowlton Coray (with some additional scribal help from Martha’s husband, ) beginning in 1844 and concluding in 1845. In 1845, the Corays inscribed a fair copy of the history under Lucy’s direction.
Historical Introduction
Historical Introduction
In June 1844, the suffered the loss of its president and prophet, JS, and his brother, church . The Smith family, already devastated, endured another heartbreak a few weeks later with the death of JS’s brother . That fall their widowed mother, , perhaps in part as a salve to her grief, began recording her family’s story. Writing to her only surviving son, , on 23 January 1845, Smith informed him, “I have by the undertaken a history of the family, that is my Fathers Family and my own.” She added:
People are often enquiring of me the particulars of Joseph’s getting the plates seeing the angels at first and many other thing which Joseph never wrote or published I have told over many things pertaining to these matters to different persons to gratify their curiosity indeed have almost destroyed my lungs giving these recitals to those who felt anxious to hear them I have now concluded to write down every particular as far as possible and if those who wish to read them will help me a little they can have it all in one piece to read at their leasure—
To help defray the cost of publication she asked William to start a subscription to raise about $100 to buy paper to print her history.
Later that year on 8 October, at a general of the church being held in the , spoke of the completion of her project. According to the conference minutes she “gave notice that she had written her history, and wished it printed before we leave this place.” However, arrangements could not be made for its publication prior to the Saints’ departure from Nauvoo. It was eventually printed by in 1853 in , England.
Years later, Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, writing from Provo, Utah, in June 1865, responded to a request from for information regarding her role in the drafting and publication of ’s history. Regarding Smith, Coray wrote, “I was her amanuensis at the time the Book was written.” She then cited her own practice of “noting down everything, I heard and read which possessed any peculiar interest to me. . . . I was occupied, from time to time as occasion offered, in making notes of sermons, and other things which I thought reliable such as: discourses by yourself, the twelve, and other responsible men.” She then related that this practice “made it an easy task for me to transmit to paper” what Smith dictated to her. She added, “ and Joseph were dead, and thus without their aid, she [Lucy] attempted to prosecute the work, relying chiefly upon her memory. . . . There were two Manuscripts prepared, one copy was given to Mother Smith, and the other retained in the Church.”
The two completed manuscripts Coray referenced in her letter to were preceded by a draft, sometimes referred to as the “rough draft manuscript.” Martha Jane Coray and her husband, , composed this draft as they met with during the fall and winter 1844–1845. Then, in early 1845, utilizing the rough draft and other notes and sources, the Corays apparently penned two revised, or “fair,” copies. The sole extant fair version is titled “The History of Lucy Smith Mother of the Prophet.” Miscellaneous fragments included with the rough draft copy suggest that the Corays may also have produced an intermediate draft prior to transcribing the two fair copies. Assuming an intermediate draft once existed in some form, most of it has been lost.
obtained a U.S. copyright for her manuscript on 18 July 1845. According to the “History of Brigham Young,” on 10 November of that same year, and several members of the Twelve “consulted on the subject of purchasing the copy right of Mother Smith’s History; and concluded to settle with Brother for his labor in compiling the same.”. No currently extant record indicates whether Smith was actually approached about selling her copyright to the church, nor is it known if the Corays were compensated as indicated above.
As previously noted, one of the two prepared fair copies was given to by the Corays. There are varying accounts regarding what happened next, but by March 1853, Smith’s copy was in the possession of in . Pratt took it to where he had it printed by the end of that summer under the title Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith, the Prophet, and His Progenitors for Many Generations, by Lucy Smith, Mother of the Prophet. The fair copy adapted for the , England, publication by Pratt apparently is no longer extant.
The second fair copy was apparently given to the church before the Saints departed from and was taken west by them. An entry for “Mother Smith’s History” is listed in the first extant Historian’s Office inventory, compiled in Nauvoo in 1846 by clerk . Records of a 4 April 1855 inventory of the Historian’s Office included an entry for “Mother Smiths Mss History.” It seems that the Corays retained the rough draft and transported it to Utah.
had not consulted with or other church leaders before publishing the 1853 edition of ’s history. Young had not authorized its publication and believed it contained historical errors. In 1865, Young and his counselors in the of the church formally recalled the Liverpool edition. According to ’s journal for 22 April 1866, Young asked Woodruff to request church historian and JS’s uncle, , to revise the text so that it could be reissued in a corrected edition. However, despite expectations, a revised version was not issued during Young’s lifetime. It was not until 1901 that the church released an authorized edition, in serial form in the Improvement Era. The serial began in the November 1901 issue under the title “History of the Prophet Joseph Smith” and concluded in the January 1903 issue. When published in book form in 1902, it bore the title History of the Prophet Joseph Smith by His Mother Lucy Smith as Revised by George A. Smith and Elias Smith. Subsequently, other popular editions have appeared.
Much of the value of ’s account lies in her offering a wife and mother’s perspective on her family’s role in the early church. She illuminates the family setting that fostered the birth of Mormonism and retells incidents and interactions recounted nowhere else. Though there are errors in the dating of some events and occasionally in place and individual names, overall her account is of inestimable value, providing a rarely heard woman’s voice as it traces JS’s life from beginning to end. She was present at many seminal events and offered insights no one else could provide.
Beginning with details of her New England ancestors, related an account of her family’s early experiences and support of JS during the founding era of the church. Adversity and persecution are vividly evident, as are hard work, faith, love, and testimony. Many details that we know about early church history can be attributed to Lucy, such as JS’s leg operation when he was a child; the death of JS’s oldest brother, ; the dreams, visions, and blessings of ; and a wife and mother’s grief as she buries her “beloved husband” and many of her children. She also provided details and perspective about missions, moves, travels, mobbings, and arrests that are not available elsewhere.
Published here is the 1844–1845 rough draft. (The Corays’ 1845 fair copy retained by the church is also available on this website.)
Footnotes
- [1]
Lucy Mack Smith, Nauvoo, IL, to William Smith, 23 Jan. 1845, CHL.
Smith, Lucy Mack. Letter, Nauvoo, IL, to William Smith, 23 Jan. 1845. CHL.
- [2]
“Conference Minutes,” Times and Seasons, 1 Nov. 1845, 6:1014.
Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.
- [3]
Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Provo, UT, to Brigham Young, 13 June 1865, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.
Coray, Martha Jane Knowlton Coray. Letter, Provo, UT, to Brigham Young, 13 June 1865. Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.
- [4]
Copyright for Lucy Mack Smith, “The History of Lucy Smith,” 18 Juy 1845, Robert Harris, Copyright Registry Records for Works Concerning the Mormons to 1870, CHL.
Harris, Roger Wright. Copyright Registry Records for Works concerning the Mormons to 1870, ca. 1974. CHL.
- [5]
History of the Church, 7:519.
History of the Church / Smith, Joseph, et al. History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Edited by B. H. Roberts. Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1902–1912 (vols. 1–6), 1932 (vol. 7).
- [6]
Schedule of Church Records. Nauvoo 1846,” [1]; “Inventory, Historian’s Office, 4th April 1855,” [2], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.
Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.
the counsel of God unto your own condemnation. for every man shall have the desires of his heart if he desires this truth the way is open to all and <if he will> he may hear and live Whereas <if> treat they <the> truth with contempt and trample upon the sym simplicity of the word of God they will shut the gate of Heaven against themselves. And now brethren and sisters if you will all of you raise your desires to Heaven that the Ice may give way before us and we be set at liberty to go on our way as sure as the Lord lives it shall be done I and at that moment a noise was heard like bursting thunder and the captain cried out every man to his post and the ice parted leaving barely a pathway for the boat and that was so narrow that as it passed through the buckets were torn from the water wheel with a this with the noise of the ice the confusion of the spectaters the word of command from the capt. <and> the hoarse answering of the sailors was truely dreadful— <and our boat and one other had just time enough to get through and the the ice closed again and remained & .3 weeks longer> I heard one man on shore say there goes the Mormon company and that Boat is sunk in the water 9 inches deeper than it ever was before and Mark it she sinks there is nothing surer— (and here let me remark that it was done and the publication overtook us shortly after we got to ) after we left the wharf and got through the passage into the Lake I spoke to and requested him to call the brethren and sisters together that we had seen a great manifestation of the power of God in our behalf and <as> it was near time for prayers; I thought it would be well to sing a little and then have a kind of prayer meeting so that all could pray that felt disposed to so to do— We then sang and when commenced praying but by the time we had got half through when I received a message from the Capt. Who sent his mate to request the saints me to have the saints stop praying for says he if you do not we shall all go to Hell together we [p. [2], bk. 12]
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